King Baldwin IV of Jerusalem, known as "The Leper King," was diagnosed with leprosy at a young age. He became king at 13 and led his kingdom with determination despite his illness. Baldwin IV is renowned for his victory against Saladin at the Battle of Montgisard in 1177. His reign was marked by internal strife and his deteriorating health required regents to assist in governing. He is remembered for his bravery and resilience, ruling until his death in 1185.