Jawaharlal Nehru (1889-1964) was an Indian nationalist leader and the first Prime Minister of independent India, serving from 1947 until his death in 1964. Educated in England, he returned to India and rose to prominence in the Indian National Congress during the struggle against British colonial rule. As Prime Minister, he championed policies of industrialization, secularism, and non-alignment in foreign affairs. Nehru's tenure significantly shaped India's political ethos and institutions.